{"id":676,"date":"2025-08-26T13:02:19","date_gmt":"2025-08-26T11:02:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.klasterdoksany.net\/?page_id=676"},"modified":"2025-09-01T14:05:18","modified_gmt":"2025-09-01T12:05:18","slug":"historie-radu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.klasterdoksany.net\/?page_id=676","title":{"rendered":"Historie \u0159\u00e1du"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Historie \u0159\u00e1du<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

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Spiritualita \u0159\u00e1du<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

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Sou\u010dasnost \u0159\u00e1du<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

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Sv\u011btci<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n

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Historie<\/strong>
\nV d\u011bjin\u00e1ch C\u00edrkve m\u016f\u017eeme pozorovat jednu skute\u010dnost: kdy\u017e klesala a pot\u0159ebovala se znovu nadechnout a obnovit s\u00edly, poslal j\u00ed B\u016fh v\u017edycky takov\u00e9 mu\u017ee a \u017eeny, kte\u0159\u00ed sv\u016fj \u017eivot odevzdali zcela Bohu a bli\u017en\u00edm a pot\u0159ebnou reformu provedli. Jejich d\u00edlo \u2013 postaven\u00e9 na pevn\u00e9 sk\u00e1le Kristova u\u010den\u00ed \u2013 p\u0159etrvalo v\u011bky a nezaniklo, a\u010d v minulosti d\u00e1vn\u00e9 i zcela ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 bylo vystaveno mohutn\u00fdm n\u00e1por\u016fm nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch sil.<\/p>\n

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V 11. a 12. stolet\u00ed proch\u00e1zela C\u00edrkev nesnadn\u00fdm \u00fadob\u00edm, kdy sice ne\u0161lo o jej\u00ed byt\u00ed \u010di nebyt\u00ed, ale o jej\u00ed sebeuv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00ed a vymezen\u00ed m\u00edsta, kter\u00e9 j\u00ed bylo vlastn\u00ed a kter\u00e9 m\u011bla zauj\u00edmat ve sv\u011bt\u011b zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b ve vztaz\u00edch s mocn\u00fdmi tohoto sv\u011bta. Jedn\u00edm z t\u011bch, kdo usly\u0161eli Bo\u017e\u00ed vol\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159ijali pozv\u00e1n\u00ed k pr\u00e1ci na tomto \u00fakolu, byl i Norbert, druhorozen\u00fd syn \u0159\u00ed\u0161sk\u00fdch hrabat z Gennepu. \u017divotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky ho p\u0159edur\u010dovaly ke klasick\u00e9 pohodln\u00e9 cest\u011b \u0159\u00ed\u0161sk\u00e9ho prel\u00e1ta. A\u010d ne\u017eil \u0161patn\u00fdm \u017eivotem, pro\u017eil podivuhodn\u00e9 obr\u00e1cen\u00ed a stal se jedine\u010dn\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem obnovy C\u00edrkve. P\u0159itahoval n\u00e1sledovn\u00edky, proto zalo\u017eil vlastn\u00ed \u0159eholn\u00ed spole\u010denstv\u00ed nazvan\u00e9 po prvn\u00edm kl\u00e1\u0161te\u0159e v Pr\u00e9montr\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Utv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed \u0159\u00e1du trvalo v podstat\u011b \u010dty\u0159i roky (1120 \u2013 1124), pak okam\u017eit\u011b n\u00e1sledovalo obdob\u00ed vzr\u016fstu. Bylo jist\u011b projevem velk\u00e9 Bo\u017e\u00ed milosti, \u017ee Norbertovi bylo dop\u0159\u00e1no nejen zas\u00e9vat, ale i skl\u00edzet plody sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce. V roce sv\u00e9 smrti (1134) se mohl t\u011b\u0161it t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ze stovky kl\u00e1\u0161ter\u016f, o t\u0159icet let pozd\u011bji, v roce smrti prvn\u00edho gener\u00e1ln\u00edho opata bl. Hugona (1164), bylo kl\u00e1\u0161ter\u016f ji\u017e 261, prakticky po cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b a v Palestin\u011b. Jen v It\u00e1lii \u0159\u00e1d nikdy v\u00fdrazn\u011b nezakotvil. Po\u010det kl\u00e1\u0161ter\u016f vzr\u016fstal; roku 1241 jich bylo 350, roku 1250 dokonce 466, a tak bychom mohli pokra\u010dovat. Na Slovensko byli premonstr\u00e1ti uvedeni je\u0161t\u011b za Norbertova \u017eivota, do \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161li z\u00e1sluhou vpravd\u011b svat\u00e9ho olomouck\u00e9ho biskupa Jind\u0159icha Zd\u00edka – nejprve na Strahov roku 1143. Dal\u0161\u00ed kl\u00e1\u0161tery mu\u017esk\u00e9 i \u017eensk\u00e9 rychle n\u00e1sledovaly, rozkv\u011bt \u0159\u00e1du u n\u00e1s \u0161el ruku v ruce s rozkv\u011btem ve sv\u011bt\u011b.
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Husitstv\u00ed a reformace byly prvn\u00ed ranou zasazenou nejen premonstr\u00e1t\u016fm, ale \u0159eholn\u00edmu \u017eivotu v\u016fbec. Zat\u00edmco je\u0161t\u011b roku 1500 \u010d\u00edtal \u0159\u00e1d 27 cirk\u00e1ri\u00ed (= provinci\u00ed) a 415 kl\u00e1\u0161ter\u016f, do roku 1600 ztratil 182 kl\u00e1\u0161ter\u016f a dev\u011bt cel\u00fdch cirk\u00e1ri\u00ed. 17. a 18. stolet\u00ed je poznamen\u00e1no ochotou, ba p\u0159\u00edmo nad\u0161en\u00edm \u0159eholn\u00edk\u016f uskute\u010dnit vnit\u0159n\u00ed obnovu \u0159\u00e1du. V zem\u00edch, kter\u00e9 z\u016fstaly katolick\u00fdmi, doch\u00e1z\u00ed k op\u011btn\u00e9mu vzestupu po\u010detn\u00edmu i kvalitativn\u00edmu. Po tomto obdob\u00ed relativn\u00edho rozvoje v\u0161ak p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed katastrofa v podob\u011b osv\u00edcenstv\u00ed a francouzsk\u00e9 revoluce, kdy v letech 1782 \u2013 1838 byly zru\u0161eny krom\u011b 9 mu\u017esk\u00fdch a 6 \u017eensk\u00fdch v\u0161echny premonstr\u00e1tsk\u00e9 kl\u00e1\u0161tery. T\u011bm v\u0161ak byl zak\u00e1z\u00e1n a znemo\u017en\u011bn jak\u00fdkoliv vz\u00e1jemn\u00fd styk. Zd\u00e1lo se tedy, \u017ee nastal konec Norbertova d\u00edla. Jako mnohokr\u00e1t p\u0159edt\u00edm i potom \u0161lo v\u0161ak opravdu jen o pouh\u00e9 zd\u00e1n\u00ed. \u0158\u00e1d nezanikl, p\u0159e\u017eil a v 80. letech 19. stolet\u00ed byla obnovena znovu i jednota \u0159\u00e1du d\u00edky \u00fasil\u00ed strahovsk\u00e9ho opata Zikmunda Star\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

Ve v\u0161ech dob\u00e1ch a po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b m\u011bli, maj\u00ed a budou m\u00edt \u0159eholn\u00ed synov\u00e9 a dcery sv. Norberta dost prostoru k tomu, aby plnili \u00fakol, kter\u00fd jim jejich zakladatel dal do v\u00ednku, toti\u017e \u0161\u00ed\u0159it \u00factu eucharistickou a mari\u00e1nskou, slavit liturgii, \u017e\u00edt kaj\u00edc\u00edm \u017eivotem podle evangeln\u00edch rad, a tak \u010derpat s\u00edlu k past\u00fd\u0159sko-apo\u0161tolsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci na vinici P\u00e1n\u011b. Ve spojen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9ho \u0159eholn\u00edho \u017eivota s apo\u0161tol\u00e1tem tkv\u00ed originalita Norbertova d\u00edla.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Historie \u0159\u00e1du Spiritualita \u0159\u00e1du Sou\u010dasnost \u0159\u00e1du Sv\u011btci Historie V d\u011bjin\u00e1ch C\u00edrkve m\u016f\u017eeme pozorovat jednu skute\u010dnost: kdy\u017e klesala a pot\u0159ebovala se znovu nadechnout a obnovit s\u00edly, poslal j\u00ed B\u016fh v\u017edycky takov\u00e9 mu\u017ee a \u017eeny, kte\u0159\u00ed sv\u016fj \u017eivot odevzdali zcela Bohu a bli\u017en\u00edm a pot\u0159ebnou reformu provedli. Jejich d\u00edlo \u2013 postaven\u00e9 na pevn\u00e9 sk\u00e1le Kristova u\u010den\u00ed \u2013 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-builder.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-676","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.klasterdoksany.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/676","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.klasterdoksany.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.klasterdoksany.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.klasterdoksany.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.klasterdoksany.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=676"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.klasterdoksany.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/676\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1087,"href":"https:\/\/www.klasterdoksany.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/676\/revisions\/1087"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.klasterdoksany.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=676"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}